Fluid power is a term that describes hydraulic and pneumatic technologies which use fluid to transmit power from one location to another. Fluid powers are used largely in many of the industrial branches. Hydraulics and pneumatics have infinite application in all sectors. Hydraulics relates to fluids and Pneumatics to gas. Pneumatics hold many advantages that make it more suitable for many applications. Hydrostatics deals with the mechanics of still fluids and uses the theory of equilibrium conditions in the fluid. Actuators are mechanical or electro-mechanical devices that are responsible for moving or controlling a mechanism or system. This course is designed in such a way that it gives a detailed note about hydraulics, pneumatics, and actuators. After completion of this course, students will have a clear idea on the principles of hydraulics, hydrostatic, and pneumatics, and about  their types in detail. WHO SHOULD COMPLETE THIS COURSE Mechanical Engineering Electrical engineers Process Engineering Production Managers Maintenance Engineers and Supervisors Instrumentation and Process Control Technicians COURSE OUTLINE BASIC HYDRAULIC PRINCIPLES Hydraulics Advantage over electrical devices Advantage over pneumatics Physical priniciples Energy and power Properties of fluids Hydrostatic principles Questions HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE & HYDRAULIC SYSTEM Hydrostatic principles Pascal’s law Hydrodynamic laws Bernoulli’s equation Types of flow in hydraulic circuits Pressure Questions PNEUMATIC PRINCIPLES Characteristics of air Absolute pressure and temperature Characteristics of pneumatic systems Air generation, preparation and distribution Air filters air regulators and air lubricators Air distribution HYDRAULICS Hydraulic cylinders Single acting cylinder Hydraulic ram DIRECTIONAL CONTROL VALVES Directional control valves Classification of directional control valves Valve element construction Pilot operated direction control valves NON RETURN VALVE & PRESSURE REDUCING VALVE Non-return valves Normally open & closed DCV Hydraulic poer supply Pressure control valves Construction – direct acting pressure relief valves Construction – pilot operated pressure relief valves Pressure reducing valve PILOT-OPERATED PRESSURE-REDUCING VALVE Brake valve Types of throttling points Types of flow control valves Pressure compensator Application of flow control valves AIR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM      Air distribution Air distribution – primary lines Air distribution – secondary lines Dead end system Loop system Decentralized system COMPONENTS OF PNEUMATIC SYSTEM Components of pneumatic system Directional Control Valves (DCV) Flow Control Valves Non-return valves Pressure valves ACTUATORS Actuators Single-Acting cylinders Double-Acting cylinders Rotary acutators Vane type actuators Radial piston air motor Operation involving double-acting cylinder Air pilot control of a double-acting cylinder Example problems