This professional course on Gas Turbine Engineering contains a detailed study on gas turbine that is used for power generation in various applications like aircrafts, automobiles, and marine and also in various industrial applications.
Gas turbines are a kind of internal combustion engine where the combustion takes place inside the engine chamber. This turbine is also called as combustion turbine that can convert chemical energy (gaseous or liquid fuels) into mechanical energy. This mechanical energy is used to drive a generator that generates electrical energy.
The course will deal about the fundamentals of gas turbines, classifications, thermodynamic analysis, gas turbine parts and their materials, lubrication system, fuel supply system, performance and mechanical standards followed, condition monitoring and optimization systems, Maintenance methodologies and improvement techniques. Detailed concepts on Gas turbine will be discussed. The present and future technologies with their advancements are further discussed.
A case study on Combined Cycle Power Plants Gas Turbine will practically discussed by the lecturer to learners which will provide a combination of practical as well as technical information on the subject.
Students (fresher or experienced, technical or non-technical professional) will gain hands on experience on application of engineering on their current industrial platform
WHO SHOULD COMPLETE THIS COURSE
- Mechanical engineers
- Instrumentation engineers
- Thermal engineers
- Design technicians
- Consulting Engineers
- Engineering managers
- Project Engineer
COURSE OUTLINE
INTRODUCTION TO GAS TURBINES
- Fundamentals of Gas Turbines
- Essential requirements
- Advantages over other prime movers
- Factors influencing efficiency
- Applications
- Working of gas turbine
- Turbine based on power generation
GENERAL OVERVIEW OF GAS TURBINES
- Ground based turbines classification
- Frame type heavy–duty
- Industrial type
- Aircraft derivative
- Small units
- Micro-turbines
IDEAL GAS TURBINE CYCLES
- Assumptions regarding ideal gas conditions
- Simple constant pressure cycle arrangement with TS diagram
- Ideal heat exchange/regeneration cycle
- Ideal inter-cooled cycle
- Multi stage adiabatic compression with inter-cooling cycle
- Ideal reheat arrangement cycle
- Combined inter-cooling and reheat cycle
ACTUAL GAS TURBINE CYCLES
- Actual simple gas turbine cycle
- Actual heat exchange cycle
- Actual intercooled cycle
- Actual reheat cycle
- Actual intercooled regenerative and reheat split shaft cycle
GAS TURBINE COMPONENTS – COMPRESSOR
- Purpose
- Types – Centrifugal flow and axial flow
- Advantages and disadvantages
- Applications
- Compressor components
- Materials
- Problems and trouble shooting
- Compressor stalling
- Performance curve
OTHER GAS TURBINE COMPONENTS
- Combustor Design components
- Combustor zones
- Can type combustor
- Annular combustors
- Combustion chamber
- Cooling
- Improvement trend bucket tip
- Cooling methods
- Exhaust fuel nozzle – functions
- Duplex fuel nozzle
- Water injection system
- Igniters – functions
- Types
- Dangerous emissions
MATERIAL OF CONSTRUCTION
- Material properties
- Components and material types
- Failures in gas turbine parts
- Degradation
- Oxidation and hot corrosion
- Coatings – purpose
- Types – TBC
- Diffusion coatings and plasma sprayed coatings
LUBRICATION SYSTEMS - I
- Test methods
- Recommended use of lubricants and their properties
- Oil reservoir
- Pressure pump
- Scavenge pump
- Oil filters
- Oil coolers
- Typical lube system
- Sump pressurized system
- Gear pump
- Gerotor pumps
- Pumping systems in dual axial compression systems
LUBRICATION SYSTEMS - II
- Filters types
- Characteristics
- Relief valves
- Location
- Magnetic plug
- Additives properties
- Oil fundamentals – mineral oils and synthetic oils
- Important oil properties
- Oil -physical properties
- Oil contamination: external and internal sources
- Wear mechanisms
BEARINGS
- Types of bearing used – material selection criteria
- Hardening of steel
- Factors influencing bearing design
- Modes of lubrication- hydrodynamic, hydrostatic, squeeze film and hybrid mode
- Babbitt journal bearings
- Tilting pad journals
- Operating flexibility
SEALS
- Types- contact and non-contact seals
- Ring seals
- Seal elements
FUELS SYSTEM
- Essential fuel properties
- Liquid fuel specifications
- Gaseous fuel specifications
- Types of fuels
- Fuel options in gas turbine
FUEL SUPPLY SYSTEMS
- Fuel supply and control systems
- Fuel pump regulations
- Gas turbine fuel systems- hydro mechanical systems and electronic control systems
- Pressure type fuel system
- Proportional fuel control system
- Pressure ratio fuel control system
- Fuel pump and filter flow diagram
- Gas turbine components: duplex fuel nozzle
- Working of fuel nozzle
SOUND SUPPRESSION
- Noise types- externally generated and internally generated
- noise sources in gas turbine
- consequences/effects of noise for both aircraft and ground based turbines
- Gas turbine exhaust silencer
PERFORMANCE AND MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT STANDARDS
- Performance test codes ASME PTC – 22, 19.1, 46
- Mechanical standards: API std - 616, 618, 619, 613, 677, 614, 671
- ASME basic Gas Turbine - B 133.2, B 199.7M, B 133.4, B 133.9, B 133.5, B 133.3
STARTING SYSTEMS
- Types - Electric motor and motor-generated starter
- Air turbine starter
- Cartridge or solid propellant starter or turbo starter
- Gas turbine starter
- Air-fuel combustion starter
- Hydraulic motor starter
- Liquid monopropellant starter
- Air-impingement starter
- Hand-crank starter
FUEL WASHING SYSTEMS
- Fundamentals
- classifications – centrifugal type
- DC electric, AC electric, and hybrid mode
- COUPLINGS
- Functions
- Mechanical-joint couplings
- Resilient material coupling
- Combined mechanical and material coupling
- Gear couplings
- Metal diaphragm couplings
- Metal Disk couplings
GAS TURBINE CONTROL SYSTEMS
- Open loop control system
- Closed loop system
- Feedback
- Feed forward and combined feed control loops
- Control systems in modern turbines – distributed control system
- Condition monitoring and optimization systems
- Life cycle costs of a combined cycle plant
- Pre-requisites for effective conditioning monitoring
- Condition monitoring stages
INSTRUMENTATION SYSTEMS
- Temperature measuring devices
- Pressure
- Measuring devices
- Vibration measuring devices
- Displacement transducers
- Velocity transducers
- Monitoring and diagnostic instruments
- Diagnostic system
- Compressor diagnostics
- Combustor diagnostics
- Turbine diagnostics
MAINTENANCE METHODOLOGIES
- Strategic maintenance philosophies
- Bearing failure stages
- Classification of machines
- Critical machinery
- Essential machinery and general purpose machinery
PDM TECHNIQUES AND IMPROVEMENT
- Vibration analysis
- Oil analysis
- Wear particle analysis
- Ultrasonic infrared thermography
- Performance evaluation
- Stages of maintenance planning
- Scheduling
- Execution
- Inspection
- Overhaul
- Repair
- Improved methods
- Soft time thresholds
- Module cost structure and project selection
COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANTS GAS TURBINE MAINTENANCE
- Capital cost of equipment
- Fuel cost
- Maintenance cost
- Objective of best maintenance practices
- Maintenance strategy
- Gas turbine maintenance
- Gt type comparison
- Plant availability determined by gt
- Key objective of optimization and conclusion
