Selective co-ordination is a very important aspect of power system protection design. When a short circuit or an abnormal power flow occurs for a sustained period of time, the protective devices should react to isolate the problem with minimum disruption to the balance of the system.
This course is designed to help students to understand the fundamentals and operation of protection system including switchgear, fuses and circuit breakers.
After completing this course, students will be skilled in the operation of electrical power protection devices that improve the safety of the system.
WHO SHOULD COMPLETE THIS COURSE
- Electrical Engineers
- Supervisors
- Technicians
- Plant Engineers
- Instrumentation Engineers
- Electricians
- Design Engineers
- Project and/or Construction Engineer
- Maintenance Engineer
- Facilities Engineer
COURSE OUTLINE
RATINGS AND SPECIFICATIONS OF SWITCHGEAR
- Standards and factors affecting circuit breaker selection
- Switchgear ratings and specifications
- Switchgear rating
- Rated insulated level
FAULTS ON SWITCHGEAR
- Symmetrical vs Asymmetrical faults
- Locking and Interlocking devices
- Degrees of protection
- Gas leakage rates
- Testing for Internal fault
- Ring main units
PROTECTION SYSTEM
- Types of protection
- Current transformer types
- Relay types
- Differential protection
- Restricted earth fault
- Switch room layout
FUSE TYPES AND APPLICATIONS
- Power system protection basic qualities
- Protection philosophy
- Standards and characteristics of fuse
- General rules for selection
- Special fuse types
- Fuse switch in cross section
AUTO RE-CLOSING
- Re-closed overhead line network
- Typical auto re-close sequence
- Pole mounted, Oil filled re-closer
- Vacuum interpreter in SF6 auto re-closer
TYPES OF CIRCUIT BREAKERS
- Bulk oil circuit breakers
- Minimum oil circuit breakers
- Air blast circuit breakers
- SF6 circuit breakers
- Vacuum circuit breakers
- LV circuit breakers
SAFETY
- Principle levels of competency
- Safety clearances
- Switching for safety
- Inspection checklist
FULL PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
- PPE
- Hazardous liquids chart
- Fire extinguisher system
- Portable extinguishers
EXAMPLES OF CIRCUIT BREAKERS TYPES
- Indoor metal enclosed type
- Metal enclosed and metal clad
- Metal clad CB panel
- Insulation for switchgear
REYROLLE PACIFIC VACUUM CIRCUIT BREAKERS AND SWITCHGEARS TYPE LMVP
- Highlights
- Circuit breakers
- Interior sections of CB
- Interrupter replacement
- Operating mechanism
SPRECHER+SCHUH SF6 CIRCUIT BREAKER TYPE BS 107K IN CUBICLE PF 107
- Salient features
- Ratings
- Arrangement of removable truck
- Cross sectional view
- Operating mechanism
- Schematic view of mechanism
RING MAIN UNIT SWITCHGEAR
- Fuse switch in cross section
- Ratings of switch
- Case study
- Factors to consider
ASSET MANAGEMENT
- Components of cost
- Comparative circuit breaker life time costs
- Asset management objectives
ASSET REGISTERS
- CONDITION BASED MAINTENANCE (CBM)
- Reliability centered maintenance
- Risk matrix
- Insulation deterioration
- Semi-permanent monitoring
- Continuous monitoring
PARTIAL DISCHARGE
- Locating partial discharge sites
- Partial discharge testing by acoustic methods
- K&R contact micro-ohm meter
- Measurement of contact resistance
- Trip coil monitoring
- SF6 gas monitoring
- Some checks and tests on SF6 breakers
SWITCHGEAR MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES
- Maintenance items specific to distribution switchgear
- Problem found during maintenance
- Action diagram
HARMONICS AND UNBALANCED SUPPLY VOLTAGES
- What is harmonics
- Linear and nonlinear loads
- Characteristics and components of harmonics
- Overheating of transformers
- Limits of harmonics in power system
INTRODUCTION TO HAZARDOUS AREA
- Hazardous liquids charts
- Piper alpha
- Risk assessment
- Electrical equipment as ignition sources
- Vapour density
RISK ASSESSMENT
- Dusts
- Equipment
- Gas/Apparatus/Equipment grouping
- Temperature classification
EXPLOSION PROTECTION TECHNIQUE
- Selection types for ignition prevention
- Examples for explosion protection system
