Power-system protection has become increasingly important as a way of protecting electrical power systems from faults through the isolation of faulty parts from the rest of the electrical network. The objective of a protection scheme is to keep the power system stable by isolating only the components that are under fault, whilst leaving as much of the network as possible still in operation. Thus, protection schemes must apply a very pragmatic and pessimistic approach to clearing system faults.
This course is designed to help students to understand the principles of protective systems and their application in real life.
Most important of all, they can improve the safety of the site by making better decisions on system protection.
WHO SHOULD COMPLETE THIS COURSE
- Protection and control engineers
- Electric Power Utility engineers
- Test engineers
- University Power System educators
- Engineers seeking PDH’s and Graduate students
- Power system analysts
- Consulting Engineers
- Electrical Engineers/Technicians
- Maintenance Engineers/technicians
- Process Engineers/Operators
- Integrators
- Technical Managers
COURSE OUTLINE
AS/NZS 3000-2007 - INTRODUCTION
- Basics of energy sources
- Components of electrical system
- Need for protection: Impact of types of loads and earthing on protection types
EARTHING AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN SAFETY
- Earthing – Definitions and its types
- Solidly earthed system
- Earth fault current flow
- Earthing arrangements and earthing conductors
- Importance of protective earthing
REGULATIONS OF AS/NZS 3000-2007
- Need for the regulations
- Regulations for protection against various electrical hazards
- Features of AS/NZS 3000
- Special electrical installations
SCOPE AND FUNDAMENTAL SAFETY PRINCIPLES
FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF PROTECTION
- Methods of Protection against various hazards
- Control and isolation
- Design of an electrical installation
- Selection and installation
SELECTION AND INSTALLATION OF SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR
- Common requirements of switchgear and controlgear
- Control of electrical installation
- Isolation switch requirements
- Emergency switching and emergency stopping
- Fault protection
- Overcurrent protection
GENERAL PROTECTION ARRANGEMENT OF SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR
- Overload protection devices
- Selection of protective device
- Protective device coordination
- Residual Current Devices(RCDs)
- Devices for isolation and switching
- Switchboards
SELECTION AND INSTALLATION OF WIRING SYSTEMS
- Basic requirements of wiring systems
- Protection of wiring systems
- Cable sizing and colours
- Electrical connections
- Segregation
REQUIREMENTS OF UNDERGROUND WIRING
- Suitability and protection
- Categories of Underground wiring system-Installation requirements
- Aerial Wiring conductors
- Earth Sheath Return System
SELECTION AND INSTALLATION OF APPLIANCES AND ACCESSORIES
- Appliances and accessories- Selection and installation
- Protection against thermal effects
- Electrical equipment- connection
- Lightning installation
- Socket-outlets and polarization
- Lightning equipment and accessories
- Lightning point- Smoke detectors
- Motors, transformers, capacitors and liquid dielectrics
EARTHING ARRANGEMENTS AND EARTHING CONDUCTORS
- Basic features and need for earthing
- Earthing selection and installations
- Common earthing methods
- Earthed and Unearthed systems
- Importance of Protective and functional earthing
MULTIPLE EARTHED NEUTRAL SYSTEMS(MENs)
- Components of MEN system
- Protective conductor
- MEN earthing system – Connections
EARTHING CONDUCTORS- MATERIAL, SIZE AND INSTALLATION METHODS
- Specific requirements and installations
- Equipotential bonding
- Earth Fault Loop Impedance
- Earth Fault Current Calculation
- Other earthing arrangements
CABLE SELECTION PROCEDURES
- Steps to find low voltage and high voltage installations
- Basic inspection procedures
- Tests for low voltage and high voltage installations
DAMP SITUATIONS
- Classification of zones
- Degree of protection in communal baths/showers
- Swimming pools and Spa pools
- Zone dimensions for Spa pools and tubs
- Sauna heaters
- Refrigeration rooms
- Hosing down areas
SPECIAL ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS
- Safety services
- Fire and smoke control equipment, supply systems
- Electricity generation systems
- Protection by electrical separation
- Extra low and high voltage installations
- Hazardous areas
- Specific electrical installation standards
VERIFICATION
- Visual inspections
- Basic checks on various systems
- Sequence of tests
- Mandatory tests
- Tests on RCDs
ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS- VERIFICATION GUIDELINES
- Test detailed
- Equipment needed
- Basic checks
- Measurement of earth electrode resistance
- Measurement of touch voltage
ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS- PERIODIC VERIFICATION
- Objective and scope
- Basic verification requirements
- Verification by basic visual inspection
- Verification by visual inspection and limited testing
- Verification by visual inspection and full testing
CIRCUIT PROTECTION GUIDE
- Circuit arrangements
- Protection against overcurrent
- Principles of Automatic Disconnection
- Earth Fault impedance
- Impedance for calculations
CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- Determination of circuit current for consumer mains, submains and final subcircuits (Maximum Demand)
- Cable selection based on current-carrying capacity and voltage drop
- Coordination of current ratings of circuit cables and protective devices
- Cable installation guides
REQUIREMENTS IN NATIONAL BUILDING CODES
- Provisions in the Building Code of Australia (BCA) and New Zealand Building Code(NZBC)
INSTALLATION OF SURGE PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- Selection and installation of SPDs
- Overcurrent protective device
- Connecting conductors
- Surge protective earthing and bonding
DEGREES OF PROTECTION OF ENCLOSED EQUIPMENT
WS CLASSIFICATION OF WIRING SYSTEMS
- Wiring systems classification
- Specific Wiring Systems
- Wiring systems adopted
- Application of wiring systems
COMPONENTS FOR ALTERATIONS ADDITIONS AND REPAIR
- Applications
- Protective device ratings
HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS
- Circuit control and protection
- Equipment requirements
- Substations
- Electrical equipment with liquid dielectrics
- Safety signs
- HV System Testing
